What does transgenesis refer to in biological sciences?

Transgenesis is a process that involves introducing additional DNA into the genome of an animal, resulting in an organism that contains genes or genetic material from another organism or species. This method enables researchers to study gene function, gene expression, and the biological effects of specific genes in a controlled environment. By adding genetic material, scientists can create transgenic animals that express desirable traits, making transgenesis a powerful tool in genetic research, agriculture, and the production of pharmaceuticals.

This process is distinct from other genetic manipulations such as mutating existing genes, which alters existing genetic sequences without necessarily introducing new DNA. Similarly, removing DNA from a genome would involve gene knockout techniques that do not equate to transgenesis. Fragmenting DNA for analysis pertains to molecular techniques used for studying or analyzing genetic material rather than modifying the organism's genome itself. Therefore, the precise definition of transgenesis aligns with the introduction of additional DNA, making this choice correct.