What is the form of cell division that occurs in ovaries and testes during sexual reproduction?

Meiosis is the specialized form of cell division that occurs in the ovaries and testes during sexual reproduction. This process is crucial for the formation of gametes, which are sperm in males and eggs in females.

Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in four genetically diverse daughter cells, each containing half the number of chromosomes of the original cell. This reduction in chromosome number is essential for maintaining the species' chromosome count during fertilization when the male and female gametes combine. The genetic variability produced by meiosis also contributes to evolution and adaptation, as it facilitates genetic diversity in a population.

In contrast, mitosis is a form of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells and is typically used for growth and tissue repair, not for the formation of gametes. Fission and bud formation are methods of asexual reproduction and do not involve the exchange or reduction of genetic material, thereby distinguishing them from the process of meiosis, which is fundamental to sexual reproduction.