What is the primary function of B cells?

B cells are a critical component of the adaptive immune system, and their primary function is to produce antibodies. When B cells are activated, often in response to an infection or the presence of antigens, they differentiate into plasma cells, which are specialized cells that secrete large quantities of antibodies. These antibodies then identify and bind to specific pathogens or antigens, marking them for destruction or neutralization.

This antibody production is essential for the immune system's ability to remember previous infections and respond more effectively upon re-exposure to the same pathogen, a process known as the secondary immune response. B cells also play a role in developing immunological memory, which is crucial for long-term protection against diseases. Understanding this primary function highlights the importance of B cells in maintaining immune surveillance and defense against pathogens.