What item is considered the product of Translation?

The product of translation is protein. During the process of translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded by ribosomes, which facilitates the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain, ultimately folding into a functional protein. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and involves tRNA (transfer RNA) molecules bringing the appropriate amino acids as specified by the mRNA sequence.

This is distinct from other biological molecules: RNA is involved in translation but is not the product itself; DNA serves as the template from which mRNA is transcribed and is not directly involved in translation; while amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, they are not the final product. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the ultimate output of translation, which is the synthesized protein that plays critical roles in cellular functions and processes.