Which animals must have a written plan for psychological enrichment?

Nonhuman primates are required to have a written plan for psychological enrichment due to their complex physical and psychological needs. These animals, which include species such as macaques and tamarins, exhibit higher cognitive functions and social behaviors that necessitate specific environmental enrichments. The need for such enrichment is underlined by regulations and guidelines such as those from the Animal Welfare Act and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which emphasize the importance of psychological well-being for nonhuman primates.

By providing a structured and documented plan, facilities can ensure these animals receive adequate stimulation, social interaction, and opportunities for exploration, which are vital for their health and welfare. This approach not only enhances their quality of life but also encourages natural behaviors that can be critical for studies involving their social or cognitive skills.

While other animals like rodents, canines, and felines benefit from enrichment, the specific requirement for a comprehensive written plan is primarily emphasized for nonhuman primates due to their unique social structures, behavioral complexities, and higher risk for psychological distress in captivity.