Which disease is caused by Coxiella burnetii in ruminants?

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q-fever, a zoonotic disease that can affect humans and various animals, particularly ruminants like cattle and sheep. In these animals, the bacteria can lead to reproductive issues, such as abortion and stillbirth, and is often shed in large quantities in the urine, feces, and through birthing fluids, posing a risk for transmission to humans.

Understanding the context of Q-fever can help in recognizing its impact not only on animal health but also on public health, as humans can contract the disease through inhalation or contact with contaminated materials. The other choices listed do not relate directly to Coxiella burnetii; rather, they are associated with different pathogens. Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, brucellosis is caused by Brucella species, and leptospirosis is caused by Leptospira species. Each of these diseases involves distinct etiological agents and affects both animals and humans in different ways.