Which document provides standardization of working procedures in a laboratory?

The Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is a critical document in laboratory settings as it outlines standardized working procedures that ensure consistency, safety, and compliance with regulatory requirements. SOPs provide detailed instructions on how to perform specific tasks, ensuring that all personnel follow the same methods and protocols, which helps to maintain the integrity of the research and experimental results.

By adhering to SOPs, laboratories can minimize variations in processes that might affect results, reduce the risk of errors, and ensure the safety of personnel working with laboratory animals. Furthermore, SOPs can serve as a training tool for new staff, enabling them to learn the precise methods used in various laboratory procedures quickly.

Other options, while important in their respective roles, do not serve the same purpose as SOPs. An inventory report tracks materials and supplies, a maintenance log records equipment upkeep, and a procurement plan outlines the purchasing of supplies. None of these documents focus on the standardization of procedures, which is the primary function of an SOP.